The PhotoMultiplier Tube(PMT) uses an external photoelectric effect in combination with a secondary electron emission effect to detect radiation. It is a vacuum tube containing a photocathode, a series of amplifying electrodes (called a dynode) and an anode. The photomultiplier tubes provide extremely high sensitivity and fast response. The spectral sensitivity range of the PMT is from about 120 nm to 1700 nm. However, there is no PMT that covers this entire range.
One of the largest photomultiplier manufacturers is Hamamatsu, which offers special PMT detectors in addition to standard photomultipliers.
There are two main groups of PMT detectors:
- Stand-alone photomultiplier tubes
- PMT modules integrating photomultiplier, power supply circuit and voltage divider into one housing
Key features
- Wide selection (different types of PMT detectors + rich accessories)
- High sensitivity
- Fast response
- High gain (resulting amplification effect even several million)
- low noise
- wide spectral response